What term describes formal organizations with the power to make and enforce rules in a specific territory?

The term that describes formal organizations with the power to make and enforce rules in a specific territory is 'governments.' Governments are recognized bodies that possess authority over a defined area and have the capability to create, modify, and enforce laws and regulations. They establish the legal framework within which individuals and organizations operate, ensuring order and compliance within their jurisdiction.

While political organizations and sports associations also operate within frameworks of rules, they do not have the overarching authority to enforce laws in a defined territory like governments do. Political organizations may advocate for certain policies or ideologies but lack the enforcement power that is inherently tied to governmental bodies. Similarly, sports associations regulate and govern specific sports or activities but are limited in scope to their respective arenas without the broad legal authority that governments possess. Non-profit organizations, while they may work towards social or charitable goals, do not hold the legislative powers characteristic of a government. This distinction emphasizes the unique role that governments play in structuring societal order through formalized legal authority.